---
title: Web step types
description: >-
  Learn the different web step types available for interactions, verifications,
  navigation, waits, and more to build reliable automated tests.
lastUpdated: "2026-09-23"
---

> **For AI agents:** the complete documentation index is at [llms.txt](/llms.txt). Append `.md` to any page URL for its markdown version.

Each step in a web test corresponds to a specific action. This guide presents the different action categories and their usage.

## Interactive tutorial

<iframe src="https://scribehow.com/embed/Web__Les_differents_types_detapes_Copy__hCONKSrOQMmaY9IX8AaCfw?skipIntro=true" width="100%" height="640" allowFullScreen frameBorder="0"></iframe>

---

## Step-by-step guide

## Interactions

| Action | Description | Required fields |
|--------|-------------|----------------|
| **Click / Double-click / Right-click / Hover** | Simulates a click or hover on an element | Step name, selector |
| **File upload** | Uploads a file (photo, document) | Public cloud URL |
| **Keyboard keys** | Simulates key combinations | No selector needed |
| **Text input** | Fills a form field | Name, selector, value |
| **Scroll** | Scrolls the page to an element | Selector (rarely needed, scroll is automatic) |

<Tip>
For file uploads from Google Drive, use this format: `https://drive.usercontent.google.com/download?id={id}&export=download&authuser=1`
</Tip>

## Email and SMS

These actions retrieve verification codes or links sent by email/SMS.

| Action | Variable created | Requirements |
|--------|-----------------|-------------|
| **SMS code** | `CodeSms` | AI license, phone number |
| **Email code** | `CodeMail` | AI license, @kappti.dev address |
| **Get email** | (none) | @kappti.dev address |
| **Email link** | `LienMail` | AI license, @kappti.dev address |

To use a retrieved variable in a subsequent step, add a **Text input** step, click **{ }**, and select the corresponding variable (for example `CodeSms` or `LienMail`).

<Note>
Email and SMS actions use AI to extract the relevant code or link from the message. An AI license is required.
</Note>

## Verifications

| Action | Description |
|--------|-------------|
| **Verify element** | Checks for an element with options: Displayed, Clickable, Enabled, Present (in DOM). Also waits for the element to appear. |
| **Spell check** | Detects errors on the page (AI license required). |
| **AI verification** | Describe what you want to verify visually, for example "the payment page is displayed" (AI license required). |

## Navigation

| Action | Description |
|--------|-------------|
| **Switch window** | Switches to another tab or window (URL or tab name required). |
| **Navigate to URL** | Loads a new page in the browser. |

## Wait

| Action | Description |
|--------|-------------|
| **Wait for delay** | Pauses for a fixed duration (milliseconds, seconds, or minutes). |

<Tip>
Prefer **Verify element** over **Wait for delay** when possible. The verification waits for the element to appear and moves on as soon as it is visible, without unnecessary waiting.
</Tip>

## Other

| Action | Description |
|--------|-------------|
| **Custom script** | Runs JavaScript for advanced use cases. Click **Edit step** to write your script. |
| **Set variable** | Creates a test-internal variable. Use **{ }** then **Random** to generate test data. |
| **Extract value** | Captures the content of a page element into a variable for later use. |

## What's next?

<Columns cols={2}>
  <Card title="Create a web test" icon="circle-play" href="/guides/web-create-test">
    Record and run your first web test.
  </Card>
  <Card title="Update your tests" icon="pen" href="/guides/web-update-tests">
    Organize steps, add variables, and refine selectors.
  </Card>
</Columns>